The collection of artistic textiles numbers about 4000 exhibits. It includes pieceless items of secular and cultic purpose, arrasses, banners and various secular dress accessories. All the items are made of patterned clothes of different kinds. The collection’s chronological frames cover the period from the XIV to XX century.

It is based on various items used for the decoration of numerous state ceremonies and official tsars’ everyday life in the XVI-XVII centuries: royal dress, various items of everyday use and interior, banners, ceremonial horse-clothes, saadak covers and many others. Best masters of the Kremlin workshops created these things of precious textiles brought to the royal treasury from abroad through diplomatic ways. The artistically made items were decorated with gorgeous materials. In XVIII-XIX centuries, the museum collection was filled up with dresses and suits of Russian Emperors and Empresses as well as with various items that were used in Coronation celebrations traditionally held in the Moscow Kremlin. All these monuments were registered in the museum’s inventory of the XIX century.

In 1920-s, numerous cultic items from Kremlin’s and Moscow’s cathedrals and vestries of the largest Russian monasteries became integrated in the museum collection. Such unique monuments like vestments of Russian Metropolitans and Patriarchs from the Patriarch’s vestry were transferred here.

Nowadays, the collection is a complex of separate subject groups, such as

- Old Russian secular dress;
- secular items of ceremonial everyday life of the XVI-XVII centuries;
- The Russian Imperial Court ceremonial dress of the XVIII-XIX centuries;
- decorative items used in Coronation celebrations of the XVIII-XIX centuries;
- church vestments of the XIV-XX centuries;
- drapery and decorations of Orthodox churches;
- banners;
- carpets and arrasses.

Among the monuments of Old Russian secular dress the things, connected with the names of Russian Tsars - Michael Fyodorovich, Alexei Mikhailovich, Pyotr Alexeevich (future Emperor Peter the Great), are of special interest.

Multitudinous examples of so called “mansion attire” of tsars’ quarters, ceremonial horse trappings of military ceremonies belong to the second group.

The third group is formed either with coronation dress of Russian Emperors and Empresses or heralds’ costumes.

Coronation baldachins and numerous official gifts to Russian Emperors and Empresses on the occasion of their Coronation of the fourth group are of special interest.

The fifth group presents a unique collection of church vestments among the which there are Russian Metropolitans’ and Patriarchs’ surplices of the XIV-XVII centuries, popes’ phelonions and deacons’ albs. Many of them are tsars’ presents to Kremlin cathedrals, Moscow and Russian monasteries.

The sixth group is formed with numerous mantles, liturgical covers, trappings for the throne and altar stand, shrouds, palls, made of patterned textiles and adorned with pictorial and decorative embroidery.

The collection of banners includes Russian military banners of the XVI-XVII centuries and a small group of captured banners of the XVIII-XIX centuries and four state banners of the XVIII-XIX centuries.

West-European arrasses of the XV-XX centuries, Russian arrasses of the XVIII-XIX centuries and a small group of piled carpets of the XVII century form the eighth group.